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Sources

The National Archives, Kew, London

ADM 53/119062: Ship’s Log, HMS Caledon (May 1944)

AIR 20/8534: Interrogation of German POWs: reports from CSDIC (Air) Central Mediterranean Force (1945)

AIR 20/6184: Mare Nostrum, A Review of Mediterranean Allied Coastal Air Force Operations March 1943–September 1944

AIR 23/1470: Royal Navy Mediterranean Station War Diary (February 1944–March 1945)

AIR 23/3309: Reports on Enemy Air Attacks (1943–44)

AIR 23/3311: Enemy air tactics: reconnaissance (1944–45)

AIR23/5738: AHQ Malta (Air Intelligence), Enemy Attacks on Allied Convoys — Mediterranean (1943–44)

AIR 23/7200: Enemy Air Attack on Convoy “ELEMENT”, AFHQ

AIR 26/380: Operations Record Book, No. 276 Wing

AIR 26/382: Operations Record Book, No. 276 Wing, Appendices (1 Apr–30 jun 1944)

AIR 27/850: Operations Record Book, No. 108 Sqn. (1944)

AIR 27/1524: Operations Record Book, No. 256 Sqn. (1 Jan 1944–30 Sep 1946)

AIR 27/1929: Operations Record Book No. 153 Sqn. (1 Jan 1944–30 Sep 1945)

AIR 40/2417: Interrogation of German and Italian Prisoners of War, Vol. 22, Reports 153–322 (1 April–30 June 1944)

AIR 40/3112: CSDIC, Middle East: reports ME/A 281-409 (1943–44)

AIR 40/3114: CSDIC, Central Mediterranean Force: reports CMF/A405–A590 (1 Jan 1944–31 Dec 1945)

AIR 40/3118: CSDIC, Central Mediterranean Force: reports CMF/A297–A404 (3 Jan–10 Jul 1944)

AIR 51/32/158: Attack on Convoy ‘Element’, 11 May 1944

AIR 51/259: MAAF Intelligence Section Files (1943–44)

HW 5/476: Government Code and Cypher School: German Section: Reports of German Army and Air Force High Grade Machine Decrypts (2–3 May 1944)

HW 5/482: Government Code and Cypher School: German Section: Reports of German Army and Air Force High Grade Machine Decrypts (14–15 May 1944)

HW 5/483: Government Code and Cypher School: German Section: Reports of German Army and Air Force High Grade Machine Decrypts (16–17 May 1944)

USAF Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL

AC-NP-8102: Headquarters Mediterranean Allied Air Forces Intelligence Section, Air Intelligence Weekly Summary No. 96

Books

Gebhard Aders: History of the German Night Fighter Force 1917–1945 (Jane’s, 1979) ISBN 0 354 01247 9

Martin J. Bollinger: Warriors and Wizards (Naval Institute Press, 2010) ISBN 978-1-59114-067-2

Brian Filley: Junkers Ju 88 in Action, Part 2 (Squadron/Signal, 1991) ISBN 0-89747-258-6

Chris Goss:

Bloody Biscay (Crécy, 1997) ISBN 0 947554 62 9

Sea Eagles Volume Two: Luftwaffe Anti-Shipping Units 1942–45 (Classic Publications, 2007) ISBN 9781903223567

C.J.C. Molony: History of the Second World War: The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume VI Part 1 (HMSO, 1984) ISBN 9780116309365

— : Newnes Pictorial Knowledge Atlas (George Newnes Limited, n.d.)

Schmidt: Achtung—Torpedos Los! (Bernard & Graefe Verlag, 1991) ISBN 3-7637-5885-2

Alexander Steenbeck: Die Spur des Löwen, der Weg des Löwengeschwaders durch Europa (Self-published, 2012) ISBN 978-3-00-038734-0

Harold Thiele: Luftwaffe Aerial Torpedo Aircraft and Operations (Hikoki, 2004) ISBN 1 902109 42 2

Magazines

Christian-Jacques Ehrengardt: À la Reconquête de la France (01.43–08.44) Aéro Journal No. 23 (February–March 2002)

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CONTENTS

Introduction

Shadowing

The attackng force

The convoy escorts

Air cover

The Attack

Aftermath

Losses

Assessments

Propaganda

Sources

Map

© Nick Beale 2019–2022

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